Plato founded the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in Europe. Matteo Ricci (left) and Xu Guangqi (right) in the Chinese edition of Euclid's Elements published in 1607 4.6 Open learning and electronic technologyĮtymologically, the word "education" is derived from the Latin word ēducātiō ("A breeding, a bringing up, a rearing") from ēducō ("I educate, I train") which is related to the homonym ēdūcō ("I lead forth, I take out I raise up, I erect") from ē- ("from, out of") and dūcō ("I lead, I conduct").Global initiatives aim at achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 4, which promotes quality education for all. A right to education has been recognized by some governments and the United Nations. There are movements for education reforms, such as for improving quality and efficiency of education towards relevance in students' lives and efficient problem solving in modern or future society at large, or for evidence-based education methodologies. Education is supported by a variety of different philosophies, theories and empirical research agendas. The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy. Regardless of setting, educational methods include teaching, training, storytelling, discussion, and directed research. For instance, homeschooling can be classified as nonformal or informal, depending upon the structure. In practice there is a continuum from the highly formalized to the highly informalized, and informal learning can occur in all three settings. Lastly, informal settings occurs in daily life, in the family, any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational, whether unintentional or intentional. It may be structured according to educational arrangements, but in a more flexible manner, and usually takes place in community-based, workplace-based or civil society-based settings.
Nonformal learning occurs as addition or alternative to formal education. In most regions, formal education is compulsory up to a certain age and commonly divided into educational stages such as kindergarten, primary school and secondary school. Formal education takes place in education and training institutions, is usually structured by curricular aims and objectives, and learning is typically guided by a teacher. UNESCO defines three main learning settings. Today, educational goals increasingly encompass new ideas such as liberation of learners, critical thinking about presented information, skills needed for the modern society, empathy and complex vocational skills. Education originated as transmission of cultural heritage from one generation to the next. Early childhood education through USAID in Ziway, EthiopiaĮducation is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, morals, beliefs, habits, and personal development. Left to right, from top: Lecture at the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University, in Prague, Czech Republic School children sitting in the shade of an orchard in Bamozai, near Gardez, Paktia Province, Afghanistan Student participants in the FIRST Robotics Competition, Washington, D.C.
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